Most had 4 bedrooms. 106 BCE) - famous as an orator and politician, his great contribution to science was putting the Greek corpus into Latin, and his works on philosophy proved especially influential in the field of cosmology and physics. Contrary to this, his disciple Aristotle built theory by reasoning from the particular to the general. Medicine HADITH: Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)said, Muslim Hospitals "God created no illness, except that He has established for it a cure, except for old age. Contribution to Astronomy • By the ninth century CE, astronomers across the globe used one language to communicate, and that language was Arabic, due to advances of the Islamic world in astronomy. The astrolabe, the quadrant, and other navigational devices and maps were developed by Muslim scholars and played an important role in world progress, most notably in Europe's age of exploration. Greek and Phoenician colonization from 800 - 550 BCE. Here is a list of the top 15 famous Greek mathematicians and their contributions! A very brief history of the Greek language. Eratosthenes of Cyrene (/ ɛr ə ˈ t ɒ s θ ə n iː z /; Greek: Ἐρατοσθένης ὁ Κυρηναῖος, romanized: Eratosthénēs ho Kurēnaĩos, IPA: [eratostʰénɛːs]; c. 276 BC – c. 195/194 BC) was a Greek polymath: a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist.He was a man of learning, becoming the chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria. ☻It is considered as a “MOTHER OF ALL SCIENCE”. Some of the Greek names most familiar to us lived in this exciting and productive time. Christian Geography 4. which also lead in discovering the notion of the earth is "round" which is still used up until now. Early Modern Times 4.1. Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC), the pupil of Plato, took great interest in the natural world, including many aspects of meteorology and geography, but his greatest contribution to science was in the fields of natural history and biology. Introduction Geography as a field of knowledge had its roots in the Greek scholarship. Child prodigy Origen Adamantius ("man of steel") was born near Alexandria about A.D. 185. The Role Of Women In The Greek Mythology. A.D. 90-168),Greek and Roman in­ fluences in cartographyhadbeen fused to a considerable extent into one tradition. Geography, World Map (First Globe) 1091 - Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar) Surgery, Medicine 1095 - Ibn Bajah, Mohammad Ibn Yahya (Avenpace) Philosophy, Medicine 1099 - Al-Idrisi (Dreses) Geography -World Map, First Globe 1100 - Ibn Tufayl Al-Qaysi Philosophy, Medicine 1120 (died) - Al-Tuhra-ee, Al-Husain Ibn Ali iv Muslim Scholars and Scientists See Answer. The Greeks made important contributions to philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. Eratosthenes. Contemporary trends in Indian Geography: Cartography, Thematic and Methodological contributions. GEOGRAPHY AS A DISCIPLINE 3 Put together , they mean description of the earth. The earth has always been seen as the abode of human beings and thus, scholars defined geography as, “the description of the earth as the abode of human beings”. Contributions of Greek Scholars in Geography 1. A.D. 90-168),Greek and Roman in­ fluences in cartographyhadbeen fused to a considerable extent into one tradition. Maps are defined as “a representation, usually on a flat surface of the whole or a part of an area.”. Muslim scholars studied the ancient civilizations from Greece and Rome to China and India. The great philosopher Aristotle, for example, wrote about astronomy, geography, and many other fields. Bowersock, G. W., Augustus and the Greek world (1965) at 72 Google Scholar: ‘Romanization is an unnecessary postulate for eastern colonization of this age. Contribution of Polybius to Geography; Contribution of Hipparchus to Geography; Contribution of Posidonius to Geography; 6. 1. In fact, the Indian scholars contributed significantly in the growth and development of geography and Other contributions to modern civilization. Medicine HADITH: Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)said, Muslim Hospitals "God created no illness, except that He has established for it a cure, except for old age. • Translation by Islamic scholars of ancient Greek works that help preserve classical civilization • A “rebirth” of ideas from ancient Greece and ancient Rome • New trade and new wealth • Italian city-states: Venice, Florence, Rome • Patrons of the arts and learning - The Medici family and Florence - … According to some scholars, the foundational event was the Olympic Games in 776 BC, when the idea of a common Hellenism among the Greek tribes was first translated into a shared cultural experience and Hellenism was primarily a matter of common culture. fLets us shortly describe various Greeks Scholar contribution in various fields of geography. HOMER Homer is a greatest Greek poet and also he is the first Greek geographer. His work was published in the form of Iliad and odyssey. He used to write poems that describe about Trojan War. Geo Earth and Graphy to describe literal meaning of geography is to describe about the earth s surfaces. Greek scholars like Aristotle, Herodotus, or Hecataeus emphasized on physical geography; Roman scholars like Strabo insisted on regional geography while Ptolemy stressed on mathematical geography; and, the Arab scholars like Al-Masudi, Al-Biruni, or AlIdrisi highlighted on the importance of the physical environment. Various Asiatic peoples were known as Retenu, Kanaan, Que, Harranu, or Khatti (… Answer: The term geography was first coined by Eratosthenese, a Greek scholar (276¬194 BC.). This entire course will … Various oases were known to the east and west, and were considered locations of various gods (e.g. Greek, Jewish, Muslim, and Renaissance scholars were the main key to the Scientific Revolution. This article explores the ways in which the newly founded and highly contested Christian confession of the Greek Catholics or Uniates employed strategies of mass mobilization to establish and maintain their position within a contested confessional terrain. The Culmination of Greek Cartography in Ptolemy o. Clearly, the Greek language has had an important influence on the English language. Its Greek root words, geo – and graphein, literally mean “earth writing.”. Baber was himself a great scholar of Persian. John Stuart Mill, who has been called the most influential English-speaking philosopher of the 19th century, was a British philosopher, economist, and moral and political theorist. Learning increased because Muslims were commanded to examine the world and seek evidence of Allah in its wonders. Greek geographers obtained a great share of contribution in the field of Much of Western philosophy finds its basis in the thoughts and teachings of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Clearly, the Greek language has had an important influence on the English language. and because of that they also produced or made the very first map projection and introduced meridians and parallels in the field of science. But the question concerning the nature of happiness is a different issue from the question … A.D. 100) and Clau­ dius Ptolemy (ca. It was an era marked by such high and diverse levels of achievement that many classical scholars refer to the phenomenon as “the Greek miracle”. But his greatest contribution to science was the idea that people should observe the world carefully and draw Given his extensive scholarship on geography and exploration in the Greek and Roman world, culminating in an edition of Eratosthenes' (Roller 2010) fragments and a translation of Strabo (Roller 2014), he is well suited for the task. Geography was first systematically studied by the ancient Greeks, who also developed a philosophy of geography; Thales of Miletus, Herodotus, Eratosthenes, Aristotle, Strabo, and Ptolemy made major contributions to geography. The Oxford Dictionary of the English Language defines geography as “the description of the earth’s surface.”. Imagine the poor geographer trying to explain to someone at a campus cocktail party (or even to an unsympathetic adminitrator) exactly what it … Scarborough’s scholarship included philological works on Greek and Roman authors, as well as studies of African languages and African American folklore. Asked by Wiki User. The Greeks traded with the Minoans. Intersectionality is the focus of my first progress report on social geography. Euclid was a part of that culture. The Golden Age. The contribution of Islam and Muslim scholars to Science. Muslim scholars generally were concerned to understand, codify, correct, and, most importantly, assimilate the learning of the ancients to the conceptual framework of Islam. History >> Ancient Greece. Besides his founding the science of jabr, he made major contributions in astronomy and mathematical geography. How did scholars in al-Andalus contribute to geography and medicine? Geography consisted of eight volumes. It’s believed that women were treated with respect in the Greek civilization. Contribution of Al-Khwarizmi to Mathematics and Geography. For example, Maimonides the great Jewish scholar, a student of the famous Andalusian al-Rushd, wrote his most significant work in the Arabic language. 2. The greatest of these scholars were original and systematic thinkers of the first order, like the great Arab philosopher al-Farabi who died in 950. Wikipedia.Pythagorus contribution in Greek geography Pythagoras was a Greek philosopher who made a great many contributions to the history of mathematics, science, astronomy and music theory. The Roman contribution to geography was in the exploration and mapping of previously unknown lands. Socrates embarked a whole new perspective of achieving practical results through application of philosophy in our daily lives. Throughout history civilizations have developed unique systems for ordering and understanding the heavens. Understand the intellectual exchanges among Muslim scholars of Eurasia and Africa and the contributions Muslim scholars made to later civilizations in the areas of science, geography, mathematics, philosophy, medicine, art, and literature. As the stars move across the sky each night people of the world have looked up and wondered about their place in the universe. He refused The most well-known ancient Greek Philosopher of all time, Socrates, was a master stonemason and social critic. Political Science GK MCQs. Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free … Alexander Von Humboldt was a German geographer from 1769-1859, commonly known as ‘the father of modern geography’. Homer is a mystery. Scholars from these counties had very much to do with the Scientific Revolution. Explanation: Contributions of Greeks in the Field of Mathematical Geography: There were many Greek scholars who were engaged in determining the shape and size of the earth and distances and latitudes with the help of astronomical observations. Islam gave birth to a new civilization that spread from China in the east, India in the south east, Russia in the north, and Anatolia in the west of Asia, to East and North Africa until the mediteranean regions of Southern Europe. The objective of the present study is to understand the impact of climate change on Greek viticulture using two bioclimatic indices. Maps are defined as “a representation, usually on a flat surface of the whole or a part of an area.”. The ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes is commonly called the "father of geography" for he was the first to use the word geography and he had a small-scale notion of the planet that led him to be able to determine the circumference of the earth. The location of Greece in the Mediterranean Sea, the diversity of her physical features which included snow-covered peaks and folded mountains, and karst topography helped them to make a substantial contribution to the fields of Geomorphology, Climatology, and Oceanography. The basic contributions were in fields as such; astronomy, chemistry, mathematics, philosophy, geography, and physics, which constitute the basis of modern science and technologies. Compare and contrast the contributions of greek and arab scholars to the development of geography as an academic discipline - 22047614 Medical professions and scientific advancements have always played a significant role in shaping Middle Eastern culture. Indian Economy Quiz. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF PALESTINE By William F. Albright ... and scholars were quite satisfied with a more or less vague similarity in ... Greek Kedron is a perfectly possible transcription of a Hebrew* Qitron, The prisoners are the common man, dependent on the false reality of phenomenon. The Ancient Greeks made many advancements in science and technology. Source: Scienceislam.com. Muslim Contributions in Medicine-Geography-Astronomy. Google Scholar provides a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature. The Greek literature that had the most stylistic impact was theater. Greek scholars contributions in the field of mathematical geography. Greek geographers obtained a great share of contribution in the field of mathematical geography. Thales and Anaximander are regarded as the founders of mathematical geography. Thales and Aristotle established the spherical shape of the earth. Babylonian and Egyptian astronomers developed systems that became the basis for Greek astronomy, while societies in the Americas, China and India developed their own. Human geography is the study of where and why human activities are located where they are. Astronomy and Universal Geography 4.2. Geography is the study of places and the relationships between people and their environments. The great philosopher Aristotle, for example, wrote about astronomy, geography, and many other fields. Their achievements in climatology, oceanography, geo- morphology, linear measurement, determination of cardinal points, limits of habitable world, sprawl of continents and oceans are highly appreciable. Our interest lies in the role and function of geography in primary and secondary education and in the renewal of teaching methods for geography. Islam gave birth to a new civilization that spread from China in the east, India in the south east, Russia in the north, and Anatolia in the west of Asia, to East and North Africa until the mediteranean regions of Southern Europe. Contributions of Greek, Roman, Arab, Chinese and Indian Scholars, Contributions of Geographers (Bernhardus Varenius, Immanuel Kant, Alexander von Humboldt, Carl Ritter, Scheafer & Hartshorne), Impact of Darwinian Theory on Geographical Thought. Besides Arabic, Baitar has given Greek and Latin names of the plants, thus, facilitating the transfer of knowledge. It supposedly had 1500 rooms. ... Geography Quiz. Invented by the ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes. Euclid existed around 300 BC, and he was a prominent figure in Greek culture at the time as a thinker and scholar. Babar and Humauan were lovers of literature. Many Greek scholars fled Constantinople before and after the fall of the City due to the Ottoman menace They went to Italy, where they were welcomed. A. w. DILKE WITH ADDITIONAL MATERIAL SUPPLIED BY THE EDITORS By the time of Marinus of Tyre (fl. Prof Neuberger states that ‘these Arabic translations are even today of great value, partly for exegetical reasons, partly because they fill many of the gaps in the ancient literature.’ 6. The first two books, in effect, provide a definition of the aims and methods of geography by criticizing earlier works and authors. Greek Thinkers Many Greek thinkers expressed ideas that, today, we would call scientific. Contributions of Greeks in the Field of Mathematical Geography: There were many Greek scholars who were engaged in determining the shape and size of the earth and distances and latitudes with the help of astronomical observations. Al Khwarizmi was a nineteenth century eminent and multi-faceted Persian mathematician, geographer and astronomer. Correct answers: 3 question: compare and contrast the contribution of Greek and Arabic scholars to the development of Geography as an academic discipline. At the end of the 1400s his work was rediscovered and translated into Latin, a more commonly used language of western scholars at the time. Cicero (b. In the preceeding pages the story of the many-sided aspects of the Muslim contribution to geography has been related. 2.2. Aristotle's Zoology - The Parts of Animals and the History of Animals. ☻ Eratosthenes, an Ancient Greek Scholar first coined the term "Geography”. Search across a wide variety of disciplines and sources: articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions. Anthias … Muslim Contributions in Medicine-Geography-Astronomy. William Sanders Scarborough (1852–1926), the son of an enslaved woman and a freedman, was a pathbreaking African American Classical scholar and public intellectual. The Arabs were the great contributors in the field of mathematical, physical and regional geography. Socrates: Athens’ street-corner philosopher Socrates was the big-city philosopher in ancient Athens. Ancient Greek politics, philosophy, art and scientific achievements greatly influenced Western civilizations today. One example of their legacy is the Olympic Games. Ibn-Sina Abu Ali Al-Husayn B. Abd Allah Ibn Sina (980–1037) also known as Avicenna in the western world was a Persian scholar born in Bukhara, Uzbekistan in the present day. But even the poor people on the island of Crete had beautiful homes, decorated with drawings of the sea. This paper explores the contributions of two Islamic scholars; Ibn-Sina and Al-Ghazali in mental health and mental disorders. 100 BCE) - his Gallic Wars included much on geography, and he composed a lost work on the stars. The Greek Contribution Reveals That Geography Has a Longer Geneology Than Any Other Science - Free download as Word Doc (.doc), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Regional geography approach was developed by another German geographer and a contemporary of Humboldt, Karl Ritter (1779-1859).’ Question 4. “Greek scholars were the pioneers in the development of geographical thought”. Literature and theatre was an important aspect of Greek culture and influenced modern drama. A.D. 100) and Clau­ dius Ptolemy (ca. Mughal contributions to literature and Music Development of Literature during the Mughal Period Interdiction There was a tremendous development in the field of literature during the Mughal times. The freed prisoner is a philosopher who has stumbled onto the true reality of ideas (the sun, the world above, etc. The term Ancient, or Archaic, Greece refers to the years 700-480 B.C., not the Classical Age (480-323 B.C.) Anaximander introduced an instrument called 'gnomon'. Greek philosophers and scientist were also interested in learning about the spatial nature of human and physical features found on the Earth. The greatest contribution of Ptolemy was not the maps themselves but the concepts behind the maps. Geographia became popular once again and more than 40 editions were printed. The Minoan capital city was the city of Knossos. These six geographers are noteworthy for their contribution to the science of geography. Herodotus wrote a number of volumes that described the human and physical geography of the various regions of the Persian Empire. Many Nigerian secondary school science and social science students offer this subject. The map shows Phoenician influence, Greek influence, Greek colonization, Phoenician homelands, Greek homelands, and Phoenician trade from the Iberian Peninsula in Spain east to Egypt and the Levant. Contribution to Mathematical Geography: Ancient Indian contribution to geography came through various fields of learning as Philosophy, Cosmology, Mathematics, Astrology & Astronomy, Physics, Chemistry & Metallurgy, Science & Technology, Medicine, and Linguistics. As the Gulf region expects to see large growth in the healthcare sector in the upcoming years, here is a look back at important Islamic contributions to modern day medicine. The ethnogenesis of the Greek nation is linked to the development of Pan-Hellenism in the 8th century BC. They made outstanding contributions in the fields of mathematical, physical, and regional geography. Greek scholars like Aristotle, Herodotus, or Hecataeus emphasized on physical geography; Roman scholars like Strabo insisted on regional geography while Ptolemy stressed on mathematical geography; and, the Arab scholars like Al-Masudi, Al-Biruni, or AlIdrisi highlighted on the importance of the physical environment. It was the earliest university in the world built around 703. The first spot has to go to the man who coined the term geography, Eratosthenes (c.275–194 BC). “The decline of geography in academia is easy to understand: we live in an age of ever-increasing specialization, and geography is a generalist's discipline. The Roman peace that was maintained in the ancient world for 200 years. Some scholars … 2. Indian History MCQs. The Muslim scholars not only conserved the ancient knowledge, but also they transformed it into major new contributions to the basic science and technology. In 2014 I read Dimitri Gutas's Greek Thought, Arabic Culture. Throughout history civilizations have developed unique systems for ordering and understanding the heavens. The sole major thing that depicts that is their mythology as most of their deities were goddesses. They took with them many books and manuscripts written in Greek. Greek is one of the oldest Indo-European languages and is usually divided into Ancient Greek (often thought of as a dead language) and Modern Greek. The discipline of geography is among the most ancient of sciences. Babylonian and Egyptian astronomers developed systems that became the basis for Greek astronomy, while societies in the Americas, China and India developed their own. This is not surprising as in the ancient times Greek was one of the well flourished civilizations dating back to 500Bc – 200Bc with … Euclid. Siwa, for Amon)12 . One of the major contributions of the Greek scholars was in the realm of theory building and hypothesis testing. Certainly the political expansion of Rome, whose domination was rapidly extending over the Med­ iterranean, did notlead to an eclipse of Greek … ... Muslim scholars preserved and translated many of the Greek and Roman classic texts Eventually, as contact with the Greek philosophers began to look at the world in different ways. The present reconstruction is based on an objective and thorough analysis of the literary and pictorial evidence, and on an understanding of similar modern and ancient lyre‐type instruments. Let's take a closer look. One example of their legacy is the Olympic Games. The followers of Prophet Mohammad made signifi­cant contributions in the field of geography from 8th to 13th century. Greek play writers created the styles of tragedy, focused on human suffering, and … The 3rd century BC is the Golden Age of Ancient Greek Mathematics. Study the following Geography past questions and answers for JAMB , WAEC , NECO and Post UTME . New directions 6.1. Geography as a field of knowledge had its roots in the Greek scholarship. Greek and Latin 3. The empire was responsible for ensuring that the words of many great philosophers survived. The fields of historical and regional geography saw considerable progress, with Strabo and Ptolemy being the leading proponents, and Polybius and Posidonius contributing significantly to the study of physical geography. Ancient Greek politics, philosophy, art and scientific achievements greatly influenced Western civilizations today. The accepted climate change is bound to affect Greek vinicultures. Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi is one of the greatest scientific minds of the medieval period and a most important Muslim mathematician who was justly called the 'father of algebra'. It was a part and parcel of that new expression of an intellectual renaissance which characterized the rise of Islamic civilization. A map of Greek and Phoenician colonization on the coasts of the Mediterranean and Black seas. Strabo found fault with the map designing of the Greek scholar Eratosthenes, who lived from c. 276 to c. 194 bce; Eratosthenes had combined astronomical data with coast and road measurements, but Strabo found his work lacking in precision. His writings make up practically an encyclopedia of ancient Greek knowledge. • When Europe emerged from the "Dark Ages", Arabic works and the Arabic translations of Greek works were translated to Latin and Spanish. Describe the contributions of Greek, Jewish, Muslim, and Renaissance scholars to the Scientific Revolution. Title: Ancient Greek contributions:Geography Last modified by: 01582 Created Date: 4/24/2010 3:01:57 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 5cbd6f-NTNmN A very brief history of the Greek language. Parmenides (560 BC – 510 BC) Parmenides was a known follower of Pythagoras, another renowned figure in the philosophical paradigm of ancient Greece. According to some scholars, the foundational event was the Olympic Games in 776 BC, when the idea of a common Hellenism among the Greek tribes was first translated into a shared cultural experience and Hellenism was primarily a matter of common culture. He never wrote anything and most of his philosophical contributions come through his students, mainly Plato. The Culmination of Greek Cartography in Ptolemy o. Scholars believe that Herodotus was born at Halicarnassus, a Greek city in southwest Asia Minor that was then under Persian rule.The precise dates of his birth and death are alike uncertain. One of the major contributions of the Greek scholars was in the realm of theory building and hypothesis testing. Plato mostly built theories by intuition and reasoned from the general to the particular which is called the deductive approach. Contrary to this, his disciple Aristotle built theory by reasoning from the particular to the general. The great scholars of the House of Wisdom included Al-Khawarizmi, the "father" of algebra, which takes its name from his book Kitab al-Jabr" (Wikipedia article on House of Wisdom, accessed 12-01-2008). Ancient Greek Geography: Overview ... with fish and seafood making significant contributions to ancient Greek cuisine. Introduction. Wiki User Answered 2015-12-10 02:06:14. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was one of the greatest thinkers of all time. His writings make up practically an encyclopedia of ancient Greek knowledge. In the House of Wisdom of Baghdad he was a scholar. Scholarship Learning (scholarship) boomed throughout the Muslim world. He is perhaps best known for his contribution to mathematics however the famed Pythagoras theorem. Its Greek root words, geo – and graphein, literally mean “earth writing.”. As the stars move across the sky each night people of the world have looked up and wondered about their place in the universe. The Greeks made tremen­dous advancements in the fields of geomorphology, climatology and oceanography. Greek Thinkers Many Greek thinkers expressed ideas that, today, we would call scientific. Contribution to Astronomy • By the ninth century CE, astronomers across the globe used one language to communicate, and that language was Arabic, due to advances of the Islamic world in astronomy. and people began to discover things and began to understand more . The Romans Romans carried forward the Greek tradition of contributions to the development of geography. He was also known as Euclid of Alexandria and referred as the father of geometry deduced the Euclidean geometry. known for its art, architecture and philosophy. Geography, World Map (First Globe) 1091 - Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar) Surgery, Medicine 1095 - Ibn Bajah, Mohammad Ibn Yahya (Avenpace) Philosophy, Medicine 1099 - Al-Idrisi (Dreses) Geography -World Map, First Globe 1100 - Ibn Tufayl Al-Qaysi Philosophy, Medicine 1120 (died) - Al-Tuhra-ee, Al-Husain Ibn Ali iv Muslim Scholars and Scientists Today, we understand Ancient Greek culture as classical, in which thought, discussion, mathematics, sciences, and the arts developed and flourished as never before within Greece. contributions Muslim scholars made to later civilizations in the areas of science, geography, mathematics, philosophy, medicine, art, and literature. Geography is one of the oldest earth science and its roots date back in the works of the early Greek scholars. Plato mostly built theories by intuition and reasoned from the general to the particular which is called the deductive approach.

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