Based on body fossils, the first proto-turtles are believed to have existed in the late Triassic Period of the Mesozoic era, about 220 million years ago, and their shell, which has remained a remarkably stable body plan, is thought to have evolved from bony extensions of their backbones and broad ribs that expanded and grew together to form a complete shell that offered protection at every stage of its evolution, even when the bony component of the shell was not complete. [29] Conversely, the relaxing and flattening of the oblique abdominis muscle pulls the transversus back down which, once again, draws air back into the lungs. Turtles are reptiles. Turtles also have non-vocal ways of communicating that may be employed during courtship. [3] Colloquially, the word "turtle" is generally restricted to fresh-water and sea-dwelling Testudines. They also need opportunities to climb, dig and forage. The main part of its body is identified by the shield-like armor developed from its ribs. ... appropriate entry in your turtle.cfg file this dictionary will be read in at import time and will replace the original English docstrings. Like other reptiles, turtles lay eggs that are slightly soft and leathery. turtle | water turtle: Anglais: Français: box turtle n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. man, dog, house). [8] Terrapin is used to describe several species of small, edible, hard-shell turtles, typically those found in brackish waters. When the turtles hatch, they squirm their way to the surface and head toward the water. More recent morphological phylogenetic studies with this in mind placed turtles firmly within diapsids, slightly closer to Squamata than to Archosauria. These turtles swim using all four feet in a way similar to the dog paddle, with the feet on the left and right side of the body alternately providing thrust. [57][58] All molecular studies have strongly upheld the placement of turtles within diapsids; some place turtles within Archosauria,[59] or, more commonly, as a sister group to extant archosaurs,[60][61][62][63] though an analysis conducted by Lyson et al. [97], Harvesting wild turtles is legal in a number of states in the US. [23] The protection the shell provides the head when it is retracted is therefore not the main function of retraction, thus is an exaptation. Researchers have recently discovered a turtle's organs do not gradually break down or become less efficient over time, unlike most other animals. They are characterized by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs that acts as a shield. (military) An Ancient Roman attack method, where the shields held by the soldiers hide them, not only left, right, front and back, but also from above. For example male slider turtles use their long foreclaws to stroke the female's face while courting. A combined analysis of morphological and molecular data conducted by Lee (2001) found turtles to be anapsids (though a relationship with archosaurs could not be statistically rejected). GRAMMAR A-Z ; SPELLING ; PUNCTUATION ; WRITING TIPS ; USAGE ; EXPLORE . [75], On a few rare occasions, paleontologists have succeeded in unearthing large numbers of Jurassic or Cretaceous turtle skeletons accumulated in a single area (the Nemegt Formation in Mongolia, the Turtle Graveyard in North Dakota, or the Black Mountain Turtle Layer in Wyoming). [36][34], Hatchling Arrau turtles are thought to communicate with each other and with females that wait for the hatchlings in order to migrate from the nesting site to the foraging sites. [29] Important auxiliary muscles used for ventilatory processes are the pectoralis, which is used in conjunction with the transverse abdominis during inspiration, and the serratus, which moves with the abdominal oblique accompanying expiration. Some of the catch gets to the local restaurants, while most of it is exported to Asia. The Cryptodira (hidden neck) can draw their necks in while contracting it under their spine. Specifically, it is the turtles large liver that pulls or pushes on the lungs. [29] Ventral to the lungs, in the coelomic cavity, the liver of turtles is attached directly to the right lung, and their stomach is directly attached to the left lung by the ventral mesopneumonium, which is attached to their liver by the ventral mesentery. Turtles have rigid beaks and use their jaws to cut and chew food. These scutes overlap the seams between the shell bones and add strength. turtle definition: 1. an animal which lives in or near water and has a thick shell covering its body into which it can…. turtle translation in English - German Reverso dictionary, see also 'sea turtle',mock turtle soup',turnstile',turntable', examples, definition, conjugation There are many different turtle ..... found all over the world. These vocalizations may serve to create group cohesion when migrating. Aquatic respiration in Australian freshwater turtles is currently being studied. Pronunciation. How these names are used, if at all, depends on the type of English. [1] Turtles are one of the oldest reptile groups, more ancient than snakes or crocodilians. [40] Similarly, giant tortoises can learn and remember tasks, and master lessons much faster when trained in groups. En général, on ajoute un "e" à l'adjectif. [109], As food, traditional medicine, and cosmetics. Chelonia is based on the Greek word for turtles, χελώνη chelone; Greek χέλυς chelys "tortoise" is also used in the formation of scientific names of chelonians. The turtles can take up dissolved oxygen from the water using these papillae, in much the same way that fish use gills to respire.[52]. 90 tortoise and freshwater turtle species is the leatherback sea turtle species are either gone or almost gone through plants! 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